5-year projected robot uptake in the food industry

This growth is echoed by the British Automation and Robotics Association (BARA) which on publishing their figures for robotic sales in 2013, revealed a 60 per cent increase in food sector adoption compared with 2000. Further to this, the International Federation of Robotics forecasts that two million jobs will be created in the next 8 years because of the robotics industry. What's more, this study predicts that between 60,000 and 80,000 new activity jobs will be created in the food industry alone from 2012 to 2016.

Food manufacturers face a number of challenges in their production operations. In a manual process, they must deal with ergonomic issues, labour availability and the uncertainty of increasing costs associated with legislation. In an automated process, accommodating rapid-fire product & pack changes driven by sustainability initiatives and shelf impact, as well understanding and improving key performance measures such as Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), are key. And in any process, food safety is an overriding concern on the minds of processors, as the consequences of food-borne illness and/or product recalls have affected a wide range of food categories.

So what has recently changed in the world of robotics making it easier for food producers to adopt automation?

Although the cost of a robot has reduced (for example the cost of FANUC's latest palletiser is 7 per cent lower compared with its predecessor, yet has a 12 per cent increase in payload capacity), this alone has not improved their viability in the food industry. FANUC has strengthened the business case for robot adoption by providing the necessary functionality that a food producer needs. Only in the last 12-18 months has the company made available IP69K-certified robots to meet the toughest of hygiene standards.

Complete line integrity

Although rare, there are on average about 180 cases of listeriosis reported to the UK Food Standards Agency each year. A presence, or suggestion that Listeria was initiated at a facility, can seriously tarnish a food producer's brand image. In addition to the cost of taking corrective action and recalling a range, production may be suspended, impacting earnings and profits long term. Over the course of the last 10 years, food manufacturers have faced greater pressure to adhere to increasingly stringent levels of compliance. Whether responding to individual Retailer Codes of Practice (COP) or the requirements set out by the British Retail Consortium, manufacturers must demonstrate tight product control and complete line integrity. Manufacturers looking to improve hygiene, by removing the uncertainty that the human element brings to the equation, have been driving the need for food-grade equipment.

Technology improvements including vision, the versatility of the robot hand or end effector and integral controllers will have a big impact on robot design over the next 5 years, and with this make them easier to integrate into food production. For robots to be adopted widely by food producers precision, dexterity, accuracy, speed and the size of a robot are the key considerations. The incredible pace at which vision technology is developing, now with a more economical price tag, enables robots to be used to distinguish differences in size, shape and colour, but also greatly improves the accuracy of sorting, picking and placing countless food objects randomly placed across numerous lines. Furthermore, vision's code-reading capabilities can play a key role in helping food companies to meet product traceability requirements.

With continuous product changes afoot, a robot's hand, or end effector, has to be highly versatile and able to handle the most delicate of products. The key is to strike the right balance between secure and gentle handling. If product is dented, bruised or scuffed, consumers will reject it. Handling technology has improved so much of late that system integrators are now designing end effectors combining vacuum, gripper and clam-shell styles, offering a multifunctional system to keep abreast of production changes at minimal expense. Now a single robot can complete a wide range of tasks.

And in production scenarios where humans and robots are occupying the same space on a food production line, simulation tools now satisfy stakeholder concerns over worker safety. FANUC's ROBOGUIDE enables customers and integrators alike to precisely visualise and pre-programme a robotic installation in a safe and convenient virtual 3D world, before putting those plans into effect. As well as being able to predict and forestall potential new-build issues, ROBOGUIDE gives users a useful tool to scope out changing requirements and better plan for project upgrades. It can pre-empt - and help prevent - costly damage to the robot and potential injuries to co-workers.

Where robots of late did not quite meet the expectations and needs of a food producer, they now do. There has been a positive shift in UK interest over the last 12 months and FANUC predicts this will continue to accelerate now that robots, often with a 12-18 month payback, are fully meeting food producers' needs.

To find out more about robots in the food industry, please visit www.fanuc.eu.